Custom Sapphire Rods, Tubes & Shapes
We supply high-quality sapphire rods, tubes, windows, and fully custom-shaped components for scientific research, semiconductor processing, optics, high-temperature systems, and harsh-environment applications. Sapphire (single-crystal Al₂O₃) provides exceptional hardness, thermal stability, chemical resistance, and optical transparency, making it ideal for demanding engineering and research environments.
Our manufacturing capabilities include precision core drilling, internal/external polishing, OD/ID grinding, lens shaping, threading, slotting, CNC machining, and fully customized geometries based on your drawings. We support both prototype and batch production with tight tolerances and excellent surface quality.
Sapphire’s exceptional mechanical strength, high melting point (~2050°C), and wide optical transmission (UV–IR) allow it to be used in vacuum systems, laser optics, heating furnaces, spectroscopy cells, microreactors, flow channels, and semiconductor device packages.
Technical Spec Sheet Table
| Category | Specifications / Options |
|---|---|
| Material | Single-crystal sapphire (Al₂O₃), C-plane or A-plane optional |
| Rod Diameter | 0.5 mm – 50 mm (custom larger sizes available) |
| Tube OD | 1 mm – 50 mm |
| Tube ID | 0.2 mm – 45 mm |
| Length | Up to 1 meter (custom long tubes available) |
| Surface Finish | Ground, polished (single-side or double-side), optical polish |
| Transparency Range | 150 nm (UV) – 5.5 µm (IR) |
| Max Temperature | Stable up to ~2050°C |
| Machining Options | Core drilling, OD/ID grinding, slotting, threading, conical/elliptical shapes |
| Custom Shapes | Lenses, wafers, windows, rings, spacers, crucibles, thin-wall tubes |
| Tolerance | ±5–20 µm depending on size & shape |
| Applications | Optics, lasers, semiconductor tools, vacuum systems, cryogenic setups, furnaces |
Frequently Asked Questions (Custom Sapphire Rods, Tubes & Shapes)
1. What types of sapphire components can you manufacture?
We provide a wide range of custom sapphire components, including:
• Sapphire rods (polished or ground) • Sapphire tubes (single or double open-end) • Windows, plates, wafers • Custom shapes (step shapes, rings, cones, pins, domes) • Sapphire parts for lasers, optics, and high-temperature systems
Sapphire is extremely durable and suitable for optical, mechanical, and harsh environment applications.
2. What sizes and tolerances can you support?
Typical size ranges:
• Rod diameter: 1 mm – 50 mm • Tube OD: 2 mm – 40 mm • Length: up to 100–300 mm depending on diameter
Tolerances:
• Diameter tolerance: ±0.02 – 0.05 mm • Length tolerance: ±0.1 – 0.3 mm • Surface flatness (windows): λ/10 or better available
Precision CNC machining is available for exact fits.
3. What crystal orientation options are available?
We support all common orientations:
• C-plane (0001) • A-plane (11-20) • R-plane (1-102) • M-plane (10-10)
Orientation affects optical transmission, birefringence, and mechanical strength — tell us your application and we can recommend the best choice.
4. What surface finishing options do you offer?
Available finishes include:
• Optical polishing (Ra < 5 nm) • Ground finish • Fire-polished ends • Chamfered edges
Double-side polishing is available for windows and wafers.
5. Can sapphire tubes withstand high temperatures or vacuum?
Yes — sapphire is ideal for extreme environments:
• Working temperature: up to 1800 °C in inert atmosphere • High mechanical strength • Excellent thermal shock resistance • Chemically inert and corrosion-resistant • Suitable for vacuum chambers and high-pressure windows
It is commonly used in furnace viewports, laser systems, and plasma equipment.
6. What applications commonly use custom sapphire parts?
Sapphire components are widely used in:
• Scientific instruments • Lasers & optical systems • Semiconductor equipment • High-pressure or high-temperature viewports • Wear-resistant mechanical parts • Chemical reactors • Medical devices
Its durability and optical clarity make it suitable for both industrial and research applications.
7. Do you offer drilling, threading, or custom machining?
Yes — we offer:
• Precision drilling (down to <1 mm holes) • Countersinking and chamfering • Threading (internal or external) • CNC shaping for complex geometries
Sapphire is extremely hard (Mohs 9), so advanced machining processes and diamond tools are used.
8. What information do you need for a quote?
Please include:
• Dimensions (OD, ID, length, thickness) • Orientation (C-plane / A-plane / etc.) • Surface polishing requirements • Quantity • Application (optical, mechanical, furnace, etc.) • Drawings (PDF/DXF) if available
Our engineers will confirm manufacturability and provide a quote within 24 hours.
9. What is the typical lead time?
Lead time varies by size and machining complexity:
• Simple rods/tubes: 3–7 days • Optical-grade windows: 1–2 weeks • Complex shapes or CNC machining: 2–4+ weeks
Rush service may be available depending on material stock.
10. Can sapphire parts be integrated with metal or quartz?
Yes, we can provide:
• Sapphire–metal assemblies • Sapphire windows bonded to flanges • Sapphire–quartz hybrid structures
Thermal expansion matching will be evaluated to ensure long-term stability.